ARRHENIUS CONCEPT :::
When HCl dissolves in water it dissociates to give H+ and CL- ions.
• BASE : Base are those species which give OH- ions when dissolved in water.
When NaOH dissolves in water it dissociates to give Na+ and OH-
BRONSTED LOWERY CONCEPT :::
• ACID : Acid are those species which donates H+ ions. i.e H+ ion donors are called acid.
• BASE : Base are those species which accepts H+ ions. i.e H+ ion acceptor are called base.
Here Acetic Acid ( CH3COOH ) donates H+ ion and hence acts as acid while Water (H2O) accepts H+ ion and thereby acts as base.
LEWIS CONCEPT :::
• ACID : Acid are those species which accepts lone pair of electrons.
• BASE : Base are those species which donates lone pair of electrons.
Here Ammonia ( NH3) donates lone pair of electrons and hence acts as Lewis Base while Boron Fluoride (BF3) accepts lone pair of electrons and hence acts as Lewis acid.
